pin tun reader threads to CPUs so per-flow packets keep wire order

Each listenIn goroutine locks its OS thread and pins it to one CPU
(sched_setaffinity), so every UDP send from that goroutine leaves
through the same XPS-selected NIC TX ring instead of being sprayed
across rings and reordered. On by default via tun.pin_threads; queue i
pins to the i-th entry of the process's allowed CPU set (respecting
cpuset/taskset masks, whose IDs are often not 0..NumCPU-1), or to an
explicit tun.cpu_affinity list, validated against that same allowed
set. Linux only; pinning is a no-op elsewhere.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

main.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"runtime/debug"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -231,6 +232,8 @@ func Main(c *config.C, configTest bool, buildVersion string, l *slog.Logger, dev
 		relayManager:          NewRelayManager(ctx, l, hostMap, c),
 		punchy:                punchy,
 		ConntrackCacheTimeout: conntrackCacheTimeout,
+		CpuAffinity:           parseCpuAffinity(c, l, routines),
+		PinThreads:            c.GetBool("tun.pin_threads", true),
 		l:                     l,
 	}
 
@@ -282,6 +285,70 @@ func Main(c *config.C, configTest bool, buildVersion string, l *slog.Logger, dev
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// parseCpuAffinity reads `tun.cpu_affinity` from the config — a list of
+// integer CPU IDs, one per TUN reader goroutine. Empty / unset returns nil
+// (listenIn falls back to spreading queues across the allowed CPU set).
+// Length mismatch with `routines` is a warning, not an error: shorter lists
+// are modulo-cycled across queues, longer lists' tail is ignored. Invalid
+// entries (non-integer, or a CPU ID we're not allowed to run on) are also a
+// warning and disable the override entirely so we don't silently pin to the
+// wrong CPU. Entries are validated against the process's current affinity
+// mask (util.AllowedCPUs) rather than 0..NumCPU-1: under a cgroup cpuset or
+// taskset the runnable IDs are frequently not that contiguous range, and
+// pinning to an unrunnable ID always fails. If the allowed set can't be
+// determined we fall back to a plain non-negative check.
+func parseCpuAffinity(c *config.C, l *slog.Logger, routines int) []int {
+	raw := c.Get("tun.cpu_affinity")
+	if raw == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	rv, ok := raw.([]any)
+	if !ok {
+		l.Warn("tun.cpu_affinity must be a list of integers; ignoring", "value", raw)
+		return nil
+	}
+	// allowed is the set of CPU IDs we're actually permitted to run on. A nil
+	// slice (unsupported platform or lookup error) means "can't tell", so we
+	// only apply the weaker non-negative check in that case.
+	allowed, err := util.AllowedCPUs()
+	if err != nil {
+		l.Warn("could not determine allowed CPUs; validating tun.cpu_affinity against non-negative only", "error", err)
+		allowed = nil
+	}
+	cpus := make([]int, 0, len(rv))
+	for i, e := range rv {
+		var cpu int
+		switch v := e.(type) {
+		case int:
+			cpu = v
+		case int64:
+			cpu = int(v)
+		case float64:
+			cpu = int(v)
+		default:
+			l.Warn("tun.cpu_affinity entry not an integer; ignoring affinity",
+				"index", i, "value", e)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if cpu < 0 {
+			l.Warn("tun.cpu_affinity entry out of range; ignoring affinity",
+				"index", i, "cpu", cpu)
+			return nil
+		}
+		if len(allowed) > 0 && !slices.Contains(allowed, cpu) {
+			l.Warn("tun.cpu_affinity entry not in allowed CPU set; ignoring affinity",
+				"index", i, "cpu", cpu, "allowed", allowed)
+			return nil
+		}
+		cpus = append(cpus, cpu)
+	}
+	if len(cpus) != routines {
+		l.Warn("tun.cpu_affinity length doesn't match routines; queues will modulo-cycle through the list",
+			"affinity_len", len(cpus), "routines", routines)
+	}
+	return cpus
+}
+
 func moduleVersion() string {
 	info, ok := debug.ReadBuildInfo()
 	if !ok {