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catch22/main.tex
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% writeLaTeX Example: A quick guide to LaTeX
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%
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% Source: Dave Richeson (divisbyzero.com), Dickinson College
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%
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% A one-size-fits-all LaTeX cheat sheet. Kept to two pages, so it
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% can be printed (double-sided) on one piece of paper
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%
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% Feel free to distribute this example, but please keep the referral
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% to divisbyzero.com
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%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% How to use writeLaTeX:
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%
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% You edit the source code here on the left, and the preview on the
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% right shows you the result within a few seconds.
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%
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% Bookmark this page and share the URL with your co-authors. They can
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% edit at the same time!
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%
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% You can upload figures, bibliographies, custom classes and
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% styles using the files menu.
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%
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% If you're new to LaTeX, the wikibook is a great place to start:
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% http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX
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%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\documentclass[10pt,landscape]{article}
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\usepackage{amssymb,amsmath,amsthm,amsfonts}
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\usepackage{multicol,multirow}
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\usepackage{calc}
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\usepackage{ifthen}
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\usepackage[landscape]{geometry}
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\usepackage[colorlinks=true,citecolor=blue,linkcolor=blue]{hyperref}
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%%Packages added by Sebastian Lenzlinger:
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\usepackage{enumerate} %% Used to change the style of enumerations (see below).
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\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}
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\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
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\newtheorem{axiom}{Axiom}
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\newtheorem{lem}{Lemma}
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\newtheorem{corr}{Corollary}
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\usepackage{tikz} %% Pagacke to create graphics (graphs, automata, etc.)
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\usetikzlibrary{automata} %% Tikz library to draw automata
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\usetikzlibrary{arrows} %% Tikz library for nicer arrow heads
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%%End
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\ifthenelse{\lengthtest { \paperwidth = 11in}}
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{ \geometry{top=.5in,left=.5in,right=.5in,bottom=.5in} }
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{\ifthenelse{ \lengthtest{ \paperwidth = 297mm}}
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{\geometry{top=1cm,left=1cm,right=1cm,bottom=1cm} }
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{\geometry{top=1cm,left=1cm,right=1cm,bottom=1cm} }
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}
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\pagestyle{empty}
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\makeatletter
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\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection{section}{1}{0mm}%
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{-1ex plus -.5ex minus -.2ex}%
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{0.5ex plus .2ex}%x
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{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
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\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{0mm}%
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{-1explus -.5ex minus -.2ex}%
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{0.5ex plus .2ex}%
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{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}}
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\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{0mm}%
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{-1ex plus -.5ex minus -.2ex}%
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{1ex plus .2ex}%
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{\normalfont\small\bfseries}}
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\makeatother
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\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}
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\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
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\setlength{\parskip}{0pt plus 0.5ex}
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% -----------------------------------------------------------------------
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\title{CATCH22 UniBas}
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\begin{document}
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\newcommand{\mcv}{\mathcal{V}}
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\newcommand{\mcf}{\mathcal{F}}
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\newcommand{\mcp}{\mathcal{P}}
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\newcommand{\mcc}{\mathcal{C}}
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\newcommand{\mcs}{\mathcal{S}}
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\newcommand{\sig}{\mathcal{S} = \langle \mathcal{V},\mathcal{C},\mathcal{F},\mathcal{P}\rangle}
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\newcommand{\natzero}{$\mathbb{N}_0$}
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\newcommand{\natone}{$\mathbb{N}_1$}
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\newcommand{\mci}{\mathcal{I}}
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\newcommand{\intp}{\mathcal{I}=\langle U, \cdot^\mathcal{I}}
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\newcommand{\toia}[1]{{#1}^{\mathcal{I},\alpha}}
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\newcommand{\iam}[1]{\mathcal{I},\alpha\models #1}
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\newcommand{\niam}[1]{\mathcal{I},\alpha\not\models #1}
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\begin{tiny}
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\raggedright
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\footnotesize
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\begin{center}
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\Large{\textbf{Spik CATCH22}} \\
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\end{center}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}
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\setlength{\premulticols}{1pt}
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\setlength{\postmulticols}{1pt}
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\setlength{\multicolsep}{1pt}
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\setlength{\columnsep}{1pt}
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\section{Gatter,Flip-Flop}
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\subsection{Von Neuman Architecture}
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\includegraphics[scale=0.15]{images/Screenshot 2022-12-08 at 11.30.56.png}\\
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\textbf{Modern Diagram}\\
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\includegraphics[scale=0.15]{images/Screenshot 2022-12-08 at 11.31.05.png}
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\textbf{Logische Schaltungen mit Transistoren}\\
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Generationen: 1. RTL = resistor-transistor logic; 2. TTL = transistor-transistor logic; 3. MOS = metal-oxide semiconductor logic; 4. CMOS = complementary metal-oxide semiconductor logic.
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\textbf{Gatter}
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Ein Gatter Netz bezeichnet eine logische Funktion.\\
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An XOR logic implemented in NAND gates:\\
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\includegraphics[scale=0.05]{images/XOR.jpeg}\\
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First I built a One-Bit Full-Adder:\\
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\includegraphics[scale=0.05]{images/OBFA.jpeg}\\
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Then combined two OBFAs to make a Two-Bit Full-Adder:\\
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\includegraphics[scale=0.05]{images/TwoBitAdder.jpeg}
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\emph{Taktflanken- vs. taktpegelgesteuertes Flip-Flop:}
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Ein taktpegelgesteuertes Flip-Flop kann seinen Zustand solange ändern, wie der Taktgeber einen bestimmten Pegel hält. Also wenn der Taktinput von 0 zu 1 geht bis er wieder von 1 zu 0 geht. Während dieser Zeit kann der Zustand geändert werden und die Inputs werden weiter bis zum Output propagiert. \\
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Hingegen propagiert ein taktflankengesteueretes Flip-Flop die Inputs nur bei der einen oder bei beiden Taktflanken des Taktgebers: also nur im Moment wo 0 zu 1 oder 1 zu 0 geht (einer oder beide Flanken).
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\noindent\emph{D vs. RS Flip-Flop:}
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Das RS Flip-Flop folgt einem Set-Reset Prinzip. (Set) S=1 setzt den Flip-Flop sofort auf 1. Wenn S wieder auf 0 gesetzt wird wird der Zustand beim output gehalten. Mit (Reset)R = 1 kann der Output wieder auf 0 gsetzt werden. S=R=1 führt bei der Implementation mit NOR Gatter zum 0 Zustand(auch bei notQ). Beim D Flip-Flop wird der Input weitergegeben solange der Taktgeber hoch ist. Was auch immer auf der D Leitung liegt wenn C hoch ist wird weiterpropagiert. Wenn C tief ist wird der Output gehalten. Anders als das RS Flip Flop eignet sich ein D Flip Flop also zum synchronisieren mit einem Oszillator.
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\noindent\emph{Schaltplan und Zeitdiagram:}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.05]{images/D-FlipFlop-2.jpeg}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.15]{images/Timediagramm.pdf}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{images/CPU1Bus.png}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.09]{images/Screenshot 2022-12-13 at 12.00.12.png}\\
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Instruktionszyklus (durch Kontrolleinheit dirigiert): 1. Hole nächste Instr. mittels PC. 2. Hole Operanden (abhängig v. d. Instr.). 3. Führe Operation durch. 4. Speichere Resultat. 5. Berichtige PC falls nicht schein Teil dedr Operation. \\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{images/MultHW.png}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{images/Festverdrahtet.png}\\
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\noindent\includegraphics[scale=0.1]{images/Screenshot 2022-12-13 at 12.00.45.png}
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\textbf{Hauptspeicher:}
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Um Programmdaten abzuspeichern--> CPU Register zu klein.
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RAM: Random Access Memory is volitil, schnell und direkt via Systembus les- und schreibbar;
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ROM:Read Only Memory nur zum lesen, nicht ändern. gut für Microcode-speicher, HW Code (z.B. BIOS);
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PPROM: Programmable read only memory, änderbar aber langsam: EPPROM(erasable PPROM) inhalt als ganzes kann gelöscht werden. EEPPROM(electrically erasable PPROM), wie RAM aber persistent: sehr langsam.
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\end{multicols*}
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\end{tiny}
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\end{document}
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