XM_40017/notebooks/jacobi_method.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2e15ced8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<img src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/VU_logo.png/800px-VU_logo.png?20161029201021\" width=\"350\">\n",
    "\n",
    "### Programming large-scale parallel systems"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e8549215",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Jacobi method"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6e0ef563",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Contents\n",
    "\n",
    "In this notebook, we will learn\n",
    "\n",
    "- How to paralleize a Jacobi method\n",
    "- How the data partition can impact the performance of a distributed algorithm\n",
    "- How to use latency hiding\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4b9d1d46",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-info\">\n",
    "<b>Note:</b> Do not forget to run the next cell before starting studying this notebook. \n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "1dc78750",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "using Printf\n",
    "\n",
    "function answer_checker(answer,solution)\n",
    "    if answer == solution\n",
    "        \"🥳 Well done! \"\n",
    "    else\n",
    "        \"It's not correct. Keep trying! 💪\"\n",
    "    end |> println\n",
    "end\n",
    "gauss_seidel_1_check(answer) = answer_checker(answer,\"c\")\n",
    "jacobi_1_check(answer) = answer_checker(answer, \"d\")\n",
    "jacobi_2_check(answer) = answer_checker(answer, \"b\")\n",
    "jacobi_3_check(answer) = answer_checker(answer, \"c\")\n",
    "jacobi_4_check(anwswer) = answer_checker(answer, \"d\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d4cb59d5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## The Jacobi method for the Laplace equation\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "The [Jacobi method](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi_method) is a numerical tool to solve systems of linear algebraic equations. One of the main applications of the Jacobi method is to solve the equations resulting from boundary value problems (BVPs). I.e., given the values at the boundary (of a grid), we are interested in finding the interior values that fulfill a certain equation.\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6a2bdbc6",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img 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\" align=\"left\" width=\"300\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "93e84ff8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "When solving a Laplace equation in 1D, the Jacobi method leads to the following iterative scheme: The entry $i$ of vector $u$ at iteration $t+1$ is computed as:\n",
    "\n",
    "$u^{t+1}_i = \\dfrac{u^t_{i-1}+u^t_{i+1}}{2}$"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e63a5792",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Serial implementation\n",
    "\n",
    "The following code implements the iterative scheme above for boundary conditions -1 and 1 on a grid with $n$ interior points."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "14a58308",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "function jacobi(n,niters)\n",
    "    u = zeros(n+2)\n",
    "    u[1] = -1\n",
    "    u[end] = 1\n",
    "    u_new = copy(u)\n",
    "    for t in 1:niters\n",
    "        for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "            u_new[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "    end\n",
    "    u\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "76e1eba1",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "jacobi(5,0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6e085701",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-info\">\n",
    "<b>Note:</b> In our version of the jacobi method, we return after a given number of iterations. Other stopping criteria are possible. For instance, iterate until the difference between u and u_new is below a tolerance. \n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d6918c31",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "\n",
    "### Where can we exploit parallelism?\n",
    "\n",
    "Look at the two nested loops in the sequential implementation:\n",
    "\n",
    "```julia\n",
    "for t in 1:nsteps\n",
    "    for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "        u_new[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "    end\n",
    "    u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "end\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "- The outer loop cannot be parallelized. The value of `u` at step `t+1` depends on the value at the previous step `t`.\n",
    "- The inner loop can be parallelized.\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "798968b1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### The Gauss-Seidel method\n",
    "\n",
    "The usage of `u_new` seems a bit unnecessary at first sight, right?. If we remove it, we get another method called Gauss-Seidel.\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "0f77b547",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "function gauss_seidel(n,niters)\n",
    "    u = zeros(n+2)\n",
    "    u[1] = -1\n",
    "    u[end] = 1\n",
    "    for t in 1:niters\n",
    "        for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "            u[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "        end\n",
    "    end\n",
    "    u\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0dbc5358",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Note that the final solution is nearly the same for a large enough number of iterations."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "ca31518b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "gauss_seidel(5,1000)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c92e9c73",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-success\">\n",
    "<b>Question:</b>  Which of the two loops in the Gauss-Seidel method are trivially parallelizable?\n",
    "</div>\n",
    "\n",
    "```julia\n",
    "for t in 1:niters\n",
    "    for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "        u[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "    end\n",
    "end\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "    a) Both of them\n",
    "    b) The outer, but not the inner\n",
    "    c) None of them\n",
    "    d) The inner, but not the outer\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4edad93f",
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "answer = \"x\" # replace x with a, b, c or d\n",
    "gauss_seidel_1_check(answer)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9df06442",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Parallelization of the Jacobi method\n",
    "\n",
    "Now, let us parallelize the Jacobi method."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "97a2d7d5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Parallelization strategy\n",
    "\n",
    "Remember that a sufficiently large grain size is needed to achieve performance in a distributed algorithm. For Jacobi, one could update each entry of vector `u_new` in a different worker, but this would not be efficient. Instead, we use a parallelization strategy with a larger grain size that is analogous to the algorithm 3 we studied for the matrix-matrix multiplication:\n",
    "\n",
    "- Each worker updates a consecutive section of the array `u_new` \n",
    "\n",
    "The following figure displays the data distribution over 3 processes."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig09.png": {
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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a9667c42",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig09.png\"  align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3f90d701",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Data dependencies\n",
    "\n",
    "Recall the Jacobi update:\n",
    "\n",
    "`u_new[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])`\n",
    "\n",
    "Thus, in order to update the local entries in `u_new`, we also need remote entries of vector `u` located in neighboring processes. Figure below shows the entries of `u` needed to update the local entries of `u_new` in a particular process (CPU 2)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig22.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6dfedc09",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig22.png\"  align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "cc412ea0",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Efficiency\n",
    "- We update $N/P$ entries in each process at each iteration, where $N$ is the total length of the vector and $P$ the number of processes\n",
    "- We need to get remote entries from 2 neighbors (2 messages per iteration)\n",
    "- We need to communicate 1 entry per message\n",
    "- Communication/computation ration is $O(P/N)$ (potentially scalable if $P<<N$)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9d4de5a9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Extension to 2D\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "Now, let us study the method for a 2D example."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig17.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f14142ea",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig17.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"400\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b1e1a12b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "For the Laplace equation in 2D, the interior values in the computational grid (represented by a matrix $u$) are computed with this iterative scheme. The entry $(i,j)$ of  matrix $u$ at iteration $t+1$ is computed as:\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "$u^{t+1}_{(i,j)} = \\dfrac{u^t_{(i-1,j)}+u^t_{(i+1,j)}+u^t_{(i,j-1)}+u^t_{(i,j+1)}}{4}$\n",
    "\n",
    "Note that each entry is updated as the average of the four neighbors (top,bottom,left,right) of that entry in the previous iteration. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6f5d2895",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Serial implementation\n",
    "\n",
    "The next code implements a simple example, where the boundary values are equal to 1."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "4ab59b2f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "function jacobi_2d(n,niters)\n",
    "    u = zeros(n+2,n+2)\n",
    "    u[1,:] = u[end,:] = u[:,1] = u[:,end] .= 1\n",
    "    u_new = copy(u)\n",
    "    for t in 1:niters\n",
    "        for j in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "            for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "                north = u[i,j+1]\n",
    "                south = u[i,j-1]\n",
    "                east = u[i+1,j]\n",
    "                west = u[i-1,j]\n",
    "                u_new[i,j] = 0.25*(north+south+east+west)\n",
    "            end\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "    end\n",
    "    u\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "6da0aa54",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "u = jacobi_2d(10,0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "45d786dd",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Where can we exploit parallelism?\n",
    "\n",
    "```julia\n",
    "for t in 1:niters\n",
    "    for j in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "        for i in 2:(n+1)\n",
    "            north = u[i,j+1]\n",
    "            south = u[i,j-1]\n",
    "            east = u[i+1,j]\n",
    "            west = u[i-1,j]\n",
    "            u_new[i,j] = 0.25*(north+south+east+west)\n",
    "        end\n",
    "    end\n",
    "    u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "end\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "- The outer loop cannot be parallelized (like in the 1d case). \n",
    "- The two inner loops can be parallelized\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "267ecd2a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Parallelization strategies\n",
    "\n",
    "In 2d one has more flexibility in order to distribute the data over the processes. We consider these three alternatives:\n",
    "\n",
    "- 1D block partition (each worker handles a subset of consecutive rows and all columns)\n",
    "- 2D block partition (each worker handles a subset of consecutive rows and columns)\n",
    "- 2D cyclic partition (each workers handles a subset of alternating rows ans columns)\n",
    "\n",
    "The three partition types are depicted in the following figure for 4 processes.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig18.png": {
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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e52959a5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig18.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e0cee28b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Which of the thee alternatives is more efficient? To answer this question we need to quantify how much data is processed and communicated in each case. The following analysis assumes that the grid is of $N$ by $N$ cells and that the number of processes is $P$."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f6ea16f5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1D block partition\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "g26521.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0cfeca62",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:g26521.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"400\">\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4600c94a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- We update $N^2/P$ items per iteration\n",
    "- We need data from 2 neighbors (2 messages per iteration)\n",
    "- We communicate $N$ items per message\n",
    "- Communication/computation ratio is $O(P/N)$"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "969c42ee",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2D block partition"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "g26305.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e5142fa1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:g26305.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"400\">\n",
    "</div>\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "091b0310",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- We update $N^2/P$ items per iteration\n",
    "- We need data from 4 neighbors (4 messages per iteration)\n",
    "- We communicate $N/\\sqrt{P}$ items per message\n",
    "- Communication/computation ratio is $O(\\sqrt{P}/N)$"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a8fb49a3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2D cyclic partition"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "g26911.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1bc30b74",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:g26911.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"400\">\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c45f4e44",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- We update $N^2/P$ items\n",
    "- We need data from 4 neighbors (4 messages per iteration)\n",
    "- We communicate $N^2/P$ items per message (the full data owned by the neighbor)\n",
    "- Communication/computation ratio is $O(1)$"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "850b1848",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Which partition is the best one?\n",
    "\n",
    "- Both 1d and 2d block partitions are potentially scalable if $P<<N$\n",
    "- The 2d block partition is with the lowest communication complexity\n",
    "- The 1d block partition requires to send less messages (It can be useful if the fixed cost of sending a message is high)\n",
    "- The best strategy for a given problem size will thus depend on the machine, but the 2d block partition is the one used in practice since it has the lowest communication complexity.\n",
    "- Cyclic partitions are impractical for this application (but they are useful in others) \n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6838b947",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Implementation\n",
    "\n",
    "We consider the implementation using MPI. The programming model of MPI is generally better suited for data-parallel algorithms like this one than the task-based model provided by Distributed.jl. In any case, one can also implement it using Distributed, but it requires some extra effort to setup remote channels right for the communication between neighbor processes."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1b3c8c05",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ghost (aka halo) cells\n",
    "\n",
    "A usual way of implementing the Jacobi method and related algorithms is using so-called ghost cells. Ghost cells represent the missing data dependencies in the data owned by each process. After importing the appropriate values from the neighbor processes one can perform the usual sequential Jacobi update locally in the processes."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig13.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "98e0eb71",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig13.png\"  align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0148f9b3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Thus, the algorithm is usually implemented following two main phases at each iteration Jacobi:\n",
    "\n",
    "1. Fill the ghost entries with communications\n",
    "2. Do the Jacobi update sequentially at each process"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig15.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "baccd833",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig15.png\"  align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8ed4129c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Code\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "Take a look at the implementation below and try to understand it. Note that we have used MPIClustermanagers and Distributed just to run the MPI code on the notebook. When running it on a cluster, MPIClustermanagers and Distributed are not needed.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "e15082fb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "] add MPI MPIClusterManagers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "a66cbf9a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "using MPIClusterManagers \n",
    "using Distributed"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "e0d63c6b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if procs() == workers()\n",
    "    nw = 3\n",
    "    manager = MPIWorkerManager(nw)\n",
    "    addprocs(manager)\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "a0923606",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Test cell, remove me\n",
    "u = [-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]\n",
    "view(u, 6:6)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "68851107",
   "metadata": {
    "code_folding": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "@mpi_do manager begin\n",
    "    using MPI\n",
    "    comm = MPI.Comm_dup(MPI.COMM_WORLD)\n",
    "    nw = MPI.Comm_size(comm)\n",
    "    iw = MPI.Comm_rank(comm)+1\n",
    "    function jacobi_mpi(n,niters)\n",
    "        if mod(n,nw) != 0\n",
    "            println(\"n must be a multiple of nw\")\n",
    "            MPI.Abort(comm,1)\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        n_own = div(n,nw)\n",
    "        u = zeros(n_own+2)\n",
    "        u[1] = -1\n",
    "        u[end] = 1\n",
    "        u_new = copy(u)\n",
    "        for t in 1:niters\n",
    "            reqs = MPI.Request[]\n",
    "            # Exchange cell values with neighbors\n",
    "            if iw != 1\n",
    "                neig_rank = (iw-1)-1\n",
    "                req = MPI.Isend(view(u,2:2),comm,dest=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "                req = MPI.Irecv!(view(u,1:1),comm,source=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            if iw != nw\n",
    "                neig_rank = (iw+1)-1\n",
    "                s = n_own+1\n",
    "                r = n_own+2\n",
    "                req = MPI.Isend(view(u,s:s),comm,dest=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "                req = MPI.Irecv!(view(u,r:r),comm,source=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            MPI.Waitall(reqs)\n",
    "            for i in 2:(n_own+1)\n",
    "                u_new[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        u\n",
    "        @show u\n",
    "        # Gather results in root process\n",
    "        results = zeros(n+2)\n",
    "        results[1] = -1\n",
    "        results[n+2] = 1\n",
    "        MPI.Gather!(view(u,2:n_own+1), view(results, 2:n+1), root=0, comm)\n",
    "        if iw == 1\n",
    "            @show results\n",
    "        end            \n",
    "    end\n",
    "    niters = 100\n",
    "    load = 4\n",
    "    n = load*nw\n",
    "    jacobi_mpi(n,niters)\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "eff25246",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-success\">\n",
    "<b>Question:</b>  How many messages per iteration are sent from a process away from the boundary?\n",
    "</div>\n",
    "\n",
    "    a) 1\n",
    "    b) 2\n",
    "    c) 3\n",
    "    d) 4\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "98bd9b5e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "answer = \"x\" # replace x with a, b, c or d\n",
    "jacobi_2_check(answer)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "075dd6d8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-success\">\n",
    "<b>Question:</b>  After the end of the for-loop (line 43), ...\n",
    "</div>\n",
    "\n",
    "    a) each worker holds the complete solution.\n",
    "    b) the root process holds the solution. \n",
    "    c) the ghost cells contain redundant values. \n",
    "    d) all ghost cells contain the initial values -1 and 1. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "c3b58002",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "answer = \"x\" # replace x with a, b, c or d\n",
    "jacobi_3_check(answer)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4537661d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div class=\"alert alert-block alert-success\">\n",
    "<b>Question:</b>  In line 35 of the code, we wait for all receive and send requests. Is it possible to instead wait for just the receive requests?\n",
    "</div>\n",
    "\n",
    "  \n",
    "    a) No, because the send buffer might be overwritten if we don't wait for send requests.\n",
    "    b) No, because MPI does not allow an asynchronous send without a Wait().\n",
    "    c) Yes, because each send has a matching receive, so all requests are done when the receive requests return.  \n",
    "    d) Yes, because there are no writes to the send buffer in this iteration."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "e16ea5eb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "answer = \"x\" # replace x with a, b, c or d.\n",
    "jacobi_4_check(answer)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c9aa2901",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Latency hiding\n",
    "\n",
    "Can our implementation above be improved? Note that we only need communications to update the values at the boundary of the portion owned by each process. The other values (the one in green in the figure below) can be updated without communications. This provides the opportunity of overlapping the computation of the interior values (green cells in the figure) with the communication of the ghost values. This technique is called latency hiding, since we are hiding communication latency by overlapping it with communications that we need to do anyway.\n",
    "\n",
    "The modification of the implementation above to include latency hiding is leaved as an exercise (see below).\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {
    "fig16.png": {
     "image/png": 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"
    }
   },
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7d66b1a2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<div>\n",
    "<img src=\"attachment:fig16.png\" align=\"left\" width=\"450\"/>\n",
    "</div>\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "47643bf6",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Exercises"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0edeee84",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercise 1\n",
    "\n",
    "Transform the following parallel implementation of the 1d Jacobi method (it is copied from above) to use latency hiding (overlap between computation of interior values and communication)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "66db180d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "@mpi_do manager begin\n",
    "    using MPI\n",
    "    comm = MPI.Comm_dup(MPI.COMM_WORLD)\n",
    "    nw = MPI.Comm_size(comm)\n",
    "    iw = MPI.Comm_rank(comm)+1\n",
    "    function jacobi_mpi(n,niters)\n",
    "        if mod(n,nw) != 0\n",
    "            println(\"n must be a multiple of nw\")\n",
    "            MPI.Abort(comm,1)\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        n_own = div(n,nw)\n",
    "        u = zeros(n_own+2)\n",
    "        u[1] = -1\n",
    "        u[end] = 1\n",
    "        u_new = copy(u)\n",
    "        for t in 1:niters\n",
    "            reqs = MPI.Request[]\n",
    "            # Exchange cell values with neighbors\n",
    "            if iw != 1\n",
    "                neig_rank = (iw-1)-1\n",
    "                req = MPI.Isend(view(u,2:2),comm,dest=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "                req = MPI.Irecv!(view(u,1:1),comm,source=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            if iw != nw\n",
    "                neig_rank = (iw+1)-1\n",
    "                s = n_own+1\n",
    "                r = n_own+2\n",
    "                req = MPI.Isend(view(u,s:s),comm,dest=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "                req = MPI.Irecv!(view(u,r:r),comm,source=neig_rank,tag=0)\n",
    "                push!(reqs,req)\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            MPI.Waitall(reqs)\n",
    "            for i in 2:(n_own+1)\n",
    "                u_new[i] = 0.5*(u[i-1]+u[i+1])\n",
    "            end\n",
    "            u, u_new = u_new, u\n",
    "        end\n",
    "        u\n",
    "        @show u\n",
    "        # Gather results in root process\n",
    "        results = zeros(n+2)\n",
    "        results[1] = -1\n",
    "        results[n+2] = 1\n",
    "        MPI.Gather!(view(u,2:n_own+1), view(results, 2:n+1), root=0, comm)\n",
    "        if iw == 1\n",
    "            @show results\n",
    "        end            \n",
    "    end\n",
    "    niters = 100\n",
    "    load = 4\n",
    "    n = load*nw\n",
    "    jacobi_mpi(n,niters)\n",
    "end"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ebb650d0",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercise 2\n",
    "\n",
    "Compute the complexity of the communication and computation of the three data partition strategies (1d block partition, 2d block partition, and 2d cyclic partition) when computing a single iteration of the Jacobi method in 2D. Assume that the grid is of size $N \\times N$ and the number of processes $P$ is a perfect square number, i.e. $\\sqrt{P}$ is an integer. Hint: For the complexity analysis, you can ignore the effect of the boundary conditions.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "7b3d7cb3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# TODO"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6d3430ad",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# License\n",
    "\n",
    "TODO: replace link to website\n",
    "\n",
    "This notebook is part of the course [Programming Large Scale Parallel Systems](http://localhost:8000/) at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and may be used under a [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) license."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "3d72ff47",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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